Vivek Prabhakaran

 

 

Human Brain Mapping in Normals and Patient Populations

E-mail: vprabhakaran@uwhealth.org

Research Strengths: Behavior, Cognition and Emotion; Neurobiology of disease; Development, Plasticity and Repair; Neuronal Circuits

Research Interests: Our laboratory is interested in utilizing neuroimaging tools to explore various questions at the 1) basic science 2) translational and 3) clinical levels. We’re interested in using multimodal imaging tools incorporating fMRI, DTI, Perfusion Imaging, Cortical Thinning and other advanced MR imaging tools as well as collaborating with other labs using TMS/EEG and other neuroimaging techniques in order to accomplish this.
1) Basic science level: Developing cognitive models of memory and reasoning. Mapping neural substrates involved in cognitive processes such as working memory and reasoning and validating these brain maps using patient populations such as stroke patients.
2) Translational: Our lab is involved in characterizing the changes in these brain maps in normal aging as well as in different patient populations. One of the patient populations that our research lab is focused on is the Stroke population. We are involved with various groups at the university in the development of a stroke registry and tracking brain changes from the acute to chronic stages of stroke. Three areas of research focus within stroke in our laboratory involve the perfusion model of stroke, plasticity changes - neurorehabilitation, and vascular dementia.
3) Clinical: fMRI/DTI is an exciting tool that is being developed for clinical use. fMRI and DTI are used for presurgical brain mapping prior to the resection of brain tumors, vascular lesions and epilepsy surgery. Brain mapping identifies functional structures involved in language, memory, vision, and sensorimotor processes to avoid during treatment. Our lab is interested in further developing these tools for clinical use along with FMRI/EEG for seizure localization and FMRI/TMS for validation of brain mapping.

Lab Website:

http://www.radiology.wisc.edu/people/facultyContent.php?vaultID=486

Selected Publications:

• Prabhakaran, V., and B. Rypma. 2007. P-FIT and the neuroscience of intelligence: how well does P fit? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30:166-7.
• Philipose, L.E., H. Alphs, V. Prabhakaran, and A.E. Hillis. 2007. Testing conclusions from functional imaging of working memory with data from acute stroke. Behav. Neurol.18:37-43. [PDF]
• Prabhakaran, V., S.P. Raman, M.R. Grunwald, A. Mahadevia, N. Hussain, H. Lu, P.C. Van Zijil, and A.E. Hillis. 2007. Neural substrates of word generation during stroke recovery: the influence of cortical hypoperfusion. Behav. Neurol. 18:45-52. [PDF]
• Rypma, B., J.S. Berger, V. Prabhakaran, M.B. Bly, D.Y. Kimberg, B.B. Biswal, and M. D’Esposito. 2006. Neural correlates of cognitive efficiency. Neuroimage 33:969-79. [PDF]
• Narayanan, N.S., V. Prabhakaran, S.A. Bunge, K. Christoff, E.M. Fine, and J.D. Gabrieli. 2005. The role of the prefrontal cortex in the maintenance of verbal working memory: an event-related fMRI analysis. Neuropsychology 19:223-32. [PDF]
• Christoff, K., V. Prabhakaran, J. Dorfman, Z. Zhao, J.K. Kroger, K.J. Holyoak, and J.D. Gabrieli. 2001. Rostrolateral prefrontal cortex involvement in relational integration during reasoning. Neuroimage 14:1136-49. [PDF]
• Rypma, B., V. Prabhakaran, J.E. Desmond, and J.D. Gabrieli. 2001. Age differences in prefrontal cortical activity in working memory. Psychol. Aging 16:371-84.
• Prabhakaran, V., B. Rypma, and J.D. Garbrieli. 2001. Neural substrates of mathematical reasoning: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study of neocortical activation during performance of the necessary arithmetic operations tests. Neuropsychology 15:115-27. [PDF]
• Seger, C.A., V. Prabhakaran, R.A. Poldrack, and J.D.. Gabrieli. 2000. Neural activity differs between explicit and implicit learning of artificial grammar strings: an fMRI study. Psychobiology 28:283-92.
• Prabhakaran, V., K. Narayanan, Z. Zhao, and J.D. Gabrieli. 2000. Integration of diverse information in working memory within the frontal lobe. Nat. Neurosci. 3:85-90. [PDF]
• Seger, C.A., R.A. Poldrack, V. Prabhakaran, M. Zhao, G.H. Glover, and J.D. Gabrieli. 2000. Hemispheric asymmetries and individual differences in visual concept learning as measured by functional MRI. Neuropsychologia 38:1316-24. [PDF]
• Rypma, B., V. Prabhakaran, J.E. Desmond, G.H. Glover, and J.D. Gabrieli. 1999. Load-dependent roles of frontal brain regions in the maintenance of working memory. Neuroimage 9:216-26. [PDF]
• Sobel, N., V. Prabhakaran, C.A. Hartley, J.E. Desmond, G.H. Glover, E.V. Sullivan, and J.D. Gabrieli.1999. Blind smell: brain activation induced by an undetected air-borne chemical. Brain 122:209-17. [PDF]
• Sobel, N., V. Prabhakaran, J.E. Desmond, G.H. Glover, R.L. Booed, E.V. Sullivan, and J.D. Gabrieli. 1998. Sniffing and smelling: separate subsystems in the human olfactory cortex. Nature 392:282-6. [PDF]
• Sobel, N., V. Prabhakaran, C.A. Hartley, J.E. Desmond, Z. Zhao, G.H. Glover, J.D. Gabrieli, and E.V. Sullivan. 1998. Odorant-induced and sniff-induced activation in the cerebellum of the human. J. Neurosci. 18:8990-9001. [PDF]
• Sobel, N., V. Prabhakaran, J.E. Desmond, G.H. Glover, E.V. Sullivan, and J.D. Gabrieli. 1997. A method for functional magnetic resonance imaging of olfaction. J. Neurosci. Methods 78:115-23.
• Prabhakaran, V., J.A.L. Smith, J.E. Desmond, G.H. Glover, and J.D. Gabrieli. 1997. Neural substrates of fluid reasoning: an fMRI study of neocortical activation during performance of the Raven’s Progressive matrices Test. Cognit. Psychol. 33:43-63. [PDF]